No one knows for sure about the causes of nausea during pregnancy. However, nausea that occurs is likely a combination of changes in physical and hormonal in a woman's body during pregnancy.
Nausea during pregnancy is experienced by most pregnant women. Only less than 20 percent of pregnant women do not experience it. This condition is common in early pregnancy, especially the first week to the third month, and the suspected cause is hormonal changes. Even so, some women experience nausea for a longer time.
Although nausea during pregnancy is often referred to as morning sickness, but actually this condition can occur at any time. Good morning, noon, or night. In fact, some pregnant women experience it throughout the day.
Causes of Nausea During Pregnancy
The exact cause of nausea during pregnancy is still not known with certainty. However, nausea in pregnant women is often associated with several factors, including:
- Pregnancy hormone production. When a fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall, the body produces the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) hormone. This is thought to cause nausea. So, nausea that arises is a sign that the body is producing the hormones needed for pregnancy.
- An increase in estrogen levels.
- Sensitivity to certain scents or odors increases.
- Research has found that some women experience nausea when stressed.
- Urinary tract infections can cause nausea and vomiting. For that, immediately see a doctor if pain or bleeding when you urinate.
- Some pregnant women tend to be more at risk of nausea during pregnancy, especially if they have experienced frequent nausea on their way, nausea when using contraceptives containing estrogen, are pregnant with their first child, have twins, or are obese.
Is it dangerous?
Nausea in pregnant women is actually reasonable and does not harm the fetus in the womb, as long as the mother still has enough to eat and drink. However, if the frequency of nausea and vomiting is excessive, care must be taken. If complaints of nausea during pregnancy interfere with appetite so that the intake of nutrients consumed is reduced, pregnant women may require nutritional intake from additional supplements.
Nausea followed by severe vomiting can be a sign of interference in pregnancy. For example in wine pregnancy, where the placenta develops into a group of abnormal tissue. Another possibility is hyperemesis gravidarum, which is a condition when pregnant women lose weight and body fluids in large quantities so they need to be treated with infusions or drugs.
How to deal with nausea when pregnant?
Nausea during pregnancy can be treated independently with changes in diet and changes in some habits such as the following:
- If you experience morning sickness, wake up slowly from your bed. If possible eat a piece of bread or a biscuit before standing.
- Fatigue can cause nausea. Make sure you get enough rest.
- Consumption of food in portions little by little but often. Avoid eating large portions at one time. Limit foods that are too spicy or too sweet. Likewise when drinking, sip it a little and do it slowly.
- Avoid foods or odors that can make you feel nauseous.
- Eating cold food or drinks can relieve nausea rather than hot or warm meals that still give off an aroma.
- Wear comfortable clothes that are not tight at the waist.
- Nausea will not be felt when you do not think too much.
- Ask for help from others if you can't do some activities that trigger nausea, such as cooking.
- Research shows that consumption of ginger can relieve symptoms of nausea during pregnancy. You can eat ginger candy or drink warm water with a mixture of ginger if it feels helpful.
- Avoid lying down after eating food.
- Avoid fatty foods that take a long time to digest.
- Brush your teeth and rinse after eating.
- When you feel nauseous, try to walk outside the room to get fresh air.
- You can try taking vitamin supplements for pregnant women with food, before going to bed.
- Iron can make the digestive system work harder. If you take vitamins for pregnant women with high doses of iron, you can consult a doctor to ask for a lower dose.
If nausea accompanied by vomiting feels very annoying, doctors will usually give a nausea reliever. However, avoid taking anti-nausea medications without consulting a doctor because of the risk of harming the fetus.
Conditions to Watch Out for
Nausea during pregnancy should be checked by a doctor immediately, especially if the nausea is unbearable until repetitive vomiting, with the following characteristics:
- Abdominal pain.
- Urine is deep yellow or doesn't even urinate for more than 8 hours.
- Cannot consume any food or liquid without vomiting again, for 24 hours.
- Feeling so weak that you can't stand up
- Fever 38 degrees Celsius and above.
- Vomiting blood.
If nausea during pregnancy causes vomiting, make sure you replace the loss of fluids and food. Prolonged severe vomiting is sometimes related to the risk of premature birth and babies born with low weight or fetal size smaller than the age of the womb.
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